Authors: Maiga Asmaou Kéita, Bâ Hamidou Oumar, Ba Boubacar, Sangaré Ibrahima, Camara Youssouf, Sidibé Noumou, Touré Mamadou, Coulibaly Souleymane, Sidibé Samba, Konaté Massama, Doumbia Coumba Thiam, Sonfo Boubacar, Diakité Mamadou, Menta Ichaka, Diall Ilo Bella, Bâ Ahmed, Diarra Mamadou Bocary.
Introduction: Oral hygiene is particularly important in patients with valvular heart disease because of the risk of infective endocarditis. The lack of published data on oral hygiene in Mali on the subject motivated this study to assess the oral status of patients with valvular diseases at the University Hospital Mother Child Le Luxembourg (UH-MCL).
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study based on observation of the oral status of 100 patients with valvulopathy. The study took place from May to September 2017 at UH-MCL. Was included any patient seen in consultation, suffering from valvulopathy and giving their consent to answer the questionnaire and to be examined by an dental practioner. The interview and oral examination data were collected on a survey formulary, data entry and analysis performed with the Epi Info 3.5.3 French version. All included patients gave their verbal consent and the confidentiality of the data was respected by making the formulary anonymous.
Results: Mean age of the sample was 45.6. Female and those over 60 years made respectively 56 % and 39% of the sample. Unschooled patients represented 39% of the sample. Arterial hypertension was found in 31% of patients. The quality of oral hygiene was rated as acceptable and poor in respectively 51% and 39% of all cases. The daily brushing frequency of 2 and the type of modern toothbrush were found respectively in 56% and 66% of cases. The brushing technique was found to be bad in 75% of cases and 83% of brushing was done before breakfast, 50% after dinner. Plate and gingival indices were 55% and 78%, respectively, for plate 1 and gingival index 1 The oral diseases were dominated by halitosis (14%), dental mobility (10%) and dental prosthesis mobility (8%). The dental state was estimated with a DFMT index of 1.47, deduced from the condition of the teeth. The proportion of decayed, absent or occluded teeth was 79%, 54% and 14%, respectively (Table 4).
Conclusion: There is a need to further promote oral health particularly in patients with heart diseases, necessitating a multidisciplinary and multsector collaboration.
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