Authors: Jean Paul Ndamba Engbang, Theodore Beyeme Sala, Marina Ebane Abane, Armel Essomba, Marcelin Ngowe Ngowe.
Background: Generally, cancers are among the principal causes of Morbidity and Mortality given their increase rate, with prostate cancer being the most frequent neoplasm in men and the second leading cause of cancer death after bronchopulmonary cancers. We decided to carry out this study to highlight its risk factors and create awareness on the need for regular check-ups to avoid complications of late diagnosis. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of Prostate Cancer risk recognition, and therapeutic attitudes towards the patients.
Material and Methods: We conducted a cross sectional and analytical study in the surgical and oncology consultation units of the Douala general hospital (HGD) and Douala laquintinie hospital (HLD) within a period of four months. Patients diagnosed of Prostate cancer were eligible to our study. The patients responded to a questionnaire containing data on socio-demographic conditions and lifestyle data. Risk factor exposure and complications of late diagnosis. Anthropometric parameters were measured and recorded. Data was analyzed using SPSS 17.0 software. Determinants were identified using multiple logistic regressions. Statistical significance was set at P< 0.05.
Results: Two Hundred and Fifty patients were surveyed during this period. The median age was 62.5 ± 9.51, with ages ranging from 43-60years. The age group with the largest number of patients that is 89 cases with 35.6% was those from 60-69 years. Age greater than 50years was also known to be associated with Prostate Cancer. (CI=0.11-0.24, OR: 6.12, p value=<0.0001). Other factors significantly associated with Prostate Cancer were, Hypertension (CI=5.49-10.6, OR: 7.43, p value=<0.0001), Diabetes (CI=3.22-9.12, OR: 4,1, p value=<0.0001), Tobacco (CI 3.93-7.26, OR 5.33, p value= 0.001). Also, the consumption of Carbohydrates (CI= 1.86-4.19, OR 2.78, p value=<0.0001) and sexual activity less than 5 times a month (CI: 2.67-4.85, OR: 3.6) were significantly associated with Prostate Cancer.
Conclusions: Many factors are significantly associated with prostate cancer (Age˃50 years, hypertension, diabetes, tobacco and carbohydrates consumption, sexual activity less than 5 times a month). Therefore, early diagnosis and multiple check-ups are necessary. Especially as men grow older given that age is a great risk factor.
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