Authors: Daouda Thioub, Louise Fortes, Ndeye Amy Sarr, Aboubakar Sidikh Badiane, Ndeye Aissatou Lakhe, Daye Ka, Ndeye Maguette Fall, Khardiata Diallo Mbaye, Viviane Marie Pierre Cisse-Diallo, Moussa Seydi.
Recent trends show a clear increase in cases of bacterial dermohypodermatitis (BDH) worldwide. According to some authors, this upsurge is linked to an increase in risk factors, particularly depigmentation. In Senegal, all data relating to BDH come from dermatology departments. The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics, management, and outcomes of dermohypodermatitis at the Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department (SMIT) of Fann hospital. This was a retrospective study conducted at the SMIT. The study population consisted of all patients hospitalized in the department for BDH from 2016 to 2020.
We recorded 54 cases of BDH, representing a hospital frequency of 1.29%. The sex ratio (M/F) was 0.42. The median age was 46.5 years [17-85 years]. The most factor of BDH, was depigmentation (31.48%). BDH was localized to the lower limbs in 81.48%. Pain (96.30%), inflammatory swelling (92.59%), and erythematous placard (85.19%) were the main physical symptoms. Blood cultures were positive for Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Cytobacteriological examinations of fluid from ruptured phlyctens isolated Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp, Escherichia Coli, and Acinetobacter Spp. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) was found in 4 patients (13.79%). Complications were present in 18 patients (33.33%). We recorded 5 deaths, representing a lethality rate of 9.26%. Depigmentation has become a major risk factor. Women need to be educated about the harmful effects associated with this practice.
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