Authors: Dohou Serge Hugues Mahougnon, Ade Sènan Serge, Bonou Mêkonoudé Fidèle, Amegan Hamondji Nicolas, Biaou Chabi Olaniran Alphonse, Codjo Houétondji Léopold, Houenassi Dedonougbo Martin.
Background: Cardiovascular complications are a frequent cause of death or disability in patients with chronic lung disease (CLD). The aim of this study was to investigate cardiovascular complications in patients with CLD followed at CHUD-B/A.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The medical records of patients aged ≥ 18 years, followed in pulmonology between January 2016 and October 2022 for CLD, were consulted. They were then contacted for a cardiovascular examination, electrocardiogram and cardiac ultrasound. The presence of at least one cardiovascular complication was the dependent variable; the other variables studied were the clinical and etiological features of CLD, cardiovascular risk factors and other comorbidities. Data were collected using KoboCollect and analyzed using SPSS 21 software. The significance level was set at 5%.
Results: Of the 895 patients consulted in pneumology during the study period, 337 (37.6%) had CLD. The main CLD diagnosed were asthma (28.3%), sequelae of pulmonary tuberculosis (2.2%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD (2.1%). Of these patients, 129 met the study's selection criteria. Their mean age was 45.2±16.3 years, and they were predominantly female (60.5%). Cardiovascular complications included pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH, 9.3%), chronic pulmonary heart disease (CPC, 4.7%), supraventricular arrhythmia (1.6%) and right heart failure (0.8%). Factors associated with the presence of cardiovascular complications were age (OR = 1.7 [1.02-1.12]; p= 0.003), level of education (OR= 8,26[2,34-2,86] ; p=0,001) place of residence (OR = 5.15 [1.78-1.50]; p= 0.001), smoking (OR= 6.00[1.51-23.84]; p=0.020), asthma (OR = 0.13[0.04-0.46]; p=0.002) and COPD (OR=82.86[8.49-808.87]; p<0.001).
Conclusion: PAH and CPC are the most Cardiovascular complications of COPD in patients followed at CHUDB/A.
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