Authors: Martina Angelica Guido Campuzano, Ma del Pilar Ibarra Reyes, Carlos Fabián Martínez Cruz, Mayra Norma Ramírez Vargas, María de la Paz Conde Reyes, Rosalía Jiménez Quiroz, Patricia García Alonso Themann.
Introduction: The lack of brain maturity caused by hyperglycemia in children of diabetic mothers has repercussion on language, fine and gross motor skills and cerebral palsy, which seem to have a higher incidence due to an adverse intrauterine environment, characterized by hyperglycemia, maternal hypoglycemia, vascular abnormalities and hypoxemia, which profoundly affect neurodevelopment.
Objective: To describe neurodevelopment at two years of age of newborns born to diabetic mothers, who were admitted to the Pediatric Follow-up service of the National Institute of Perinatology in Mexico.
Material and Methods: It is a retrospective, observational, longitudinal, analytical study of a cohort of newborns born to diabetic mothers, at two years of age, from 1990-2010. Two hundred and forty four infants plus a 51control group met the criteria for admission to the Pediatric Follow-up service and had the evaluations from the different services. Statistic analysis; means, medians, frequencies, ANOVA, Ch2, SPSS version 21.
Results: 295 infants met the criteria and four groups were formed; 1) control group, 2) diabetes mellitus type 1, 3) diabetes mellitus type 2 and 4) gestational diabetes. Perinatal morbidity was higher for the type 2 diabetes mellitus group, but the presence of cerebral palsy was higher in mothers with gestational diabetes 8.3%, the Bayley II assessment was lower for type 1 diabetes mellitus, problems of decreased language for the different groups.
Conclusion: There is a relationship between infants of diabetic mothers and the presence of neurodevelopmental problems, mainly cerebral palsy in gestational diabetes, Bayley II with normal mental and low motor scales.
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