The identification of clinical and environmental Aspergillus species in human aspergillosis and the production of aflatoxin B1 inside the body is important as well as to discover which fungicide can control it.

Twelve clinical human aspergillosis cases and 14 environmental isolates were identified by morphological characteristics. DNA extraction, purification, amplification, and sequencing of the clinical human aspergillosis, the environmental isolates were carried out and quantified by HPLC, to determine the AF toxicogenic potential of each fungal strain and their susceptibility to antifungals. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on the Aspergillus isolates. A data base was created in Microsoft Excel® Office Professional Plus 2013 and was imported into the statistical program Minitab®19 version 19.1.

Aspergillus flavus was present in 7/12 cases of clinical human aspergillosis (x̄ AFB1= 2227.7 ng mL-1) and 6/14 environmental isolates (x̄ AFB1= 396.2 ng mL-1). Coconut agar medium stimulated AFB1 production. All isolates were sensible to μg of ketoconazole and no isolates were sensitive to 25 μg of fluconazole.

The conclusion is that A. flavus was found in the human aspergillosis samples. More AFB1 was produced by the clinical samples than the environmental samples, and all isolates were susceptible to 50 μg of ketoconazole.