Cardiology & Vascular Research

Cardiology & Vascular Research

Open Access
ISSN: 2639-8486
Research Article

A Systematic Review of COVID - 19 Induced Myocarditis - Symptomatology, Prognosis, and Clinical Findings

Authors: Vikash Jaiswal, Shavy Nagpal, Christine Angela E.Labitag, Janelle Tayo, Abhinav Patel, Kevin Bryan Lo, Rupalakshmi Vijayan, Wanessa F Matos, Sadia Yaqoob, Priyanka Panday, Saloni Savani, Zeinab Alnahas, Arushee Bhatnagar, Yoandra Diaz, John R. Dylewski, Own Khraisat, Mohammed JM Ghanim.

DOI: 10.33425/2639-8486.1146


Abstract

Objective: With the advent of a novel coronavirus in December 2019, several case studies have reported its adversity on cardiac cells. We conducted a systematic review that describes the symptomatology, prognosis, and clinical findings of patients with COVID-19-related myocarditis.

Methods: Search engines including PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Central, and Web of Science were queried for "SARS-CoV-2" or "COVID 19" and "myocarditis." PRISMA guidelines were employed, and peerreviewed journals in English related to COVID- 19 were included.

Results: This systematic review included 22 studies and 37 patients. Eight patients (36%) were confirmed myocarditis, while the rest were possible myocarditis. Most patients had elevated cardiac biomarkers, including troponin, CRP, CK, CK-MB, and NT-pro BNP. Electrocardiogram results noted tachycardia (47%), left ventricular hypertrophy (50%), ST-segment alterations (41%), and T wave inversion (18%).

Echocardiography presented reduced LVEF (77%), left ventricle abnormalities (34%), right ventricle aberrations (12%), and pericardial effusion (71%). Further, CMR showed reduced myocardial edema (75%), non-ischemic patterns (50%), and hypokinesis (26%). The mortality was significant at 25%.

Conclusions: Mortality associated with COVID-19 myocarditis appears significant but underestimated. Further studies are warranted to evaluate and quantify patients’ actual prognosis and outcomes with COVID-19 myocarditis.

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Citation: Vikash Jaiswal, Shavy Nagpal, Christine Angela E.Labitag, et al. A Systematic Review of COVID - 19 Induced Myocarditis - Symptomatology, Prognosis, and Clinical Findings. 2022; 6(4). DOI: 10.33425/2639-8486.1146
Editor-in-Chief
Aris Lacis
Aris Lacis
Head of the Latvian State Cardiology Centre for Children | Head of the Clinic for Children Cardiology Latvia

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