Research Article

Deep Vein Thrombosis of the Lower Limbs: Epidemiology and Risk Factors

Authors: Bah MB, Baldé EY, Camara OM, Keita FB, Barry IS, Diallo H, Kossa AJ, Koné A, Baldé MD.

DOI: 10.33425/2639-8486.1211

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Abstract

Introduction: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is defined as the thrombotic obstruction of a deep vein trunk, most often located at the level of the lower limbs

Methods: We had conducted a retrospective and descriptive study over a period of two (2) years from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2024, in the cardiology department of CHU Ignace Deen. We had included in the study all patients of both sexes, aged at least 18 years and hospitalized in the cardiology department of the National Ignace Deen Hospital for lower limb DVT confirmed by a venous Doppler ultrasound having agreed to participate in the study.

Results: The hospital prevalence in our series is 3.56% with a female predominance (8 men and 20 women), or a sex ratio of 0.4. The average age of our patients was 52.31 years 18.84, with extremes of 20 and 80 years. In our sample, medical risk factors were the most found in 61% of cases (Figure 1). Medical risk factors were respectively dominated by prolonged bed rest in 28 ,51% of cases (n = 8), recent travel with prolonged sitting position in 10,71% of cases (n = 3), bed rest in 12,5% of cases (n = 8) and neoplasia in 3,57% of cases (n = 1).

Conclusion: DVT is a potentially serious and 'handicapping' pathology due to Vital complication that it can suddenly generate via pulmonary embolism or long-term functional via post-phlebitic disease (PPD).

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