Research Article

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects in the Cardiology Department at Ignace Deen University Hospital

Authors: Samoura Sana, Samoura Aly, Soumaoro Morlaye, Barry IS, Diallo Thierno Oumou, Tounkara Ibrahima Kalil, Keita Lamine, Kone Alpha, Balde Ey, Balde Mamadou Dadhi.

DOI: 10.33425/2639-8486.1224

---

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a heterogeneous myocardial disease, most often caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the sarcomere gene, and is the most common monogenic cardiomyopathy in humans. The aim of this study was to identify cases of HCM and describe the clinical and therapeutic aspects.

Materials and Methods: This single-centre study was conducted in the cardiology department of the Ignace DEEN National University Hospital. It was a prospective descriptive study conducted between1September 2019 and 31 August 2020. Our selection criteria were family history and/or left ventricular hypertrophy, most often asymmetric septal hypertrophy greater than or equal to 13 mm in familial forms and greater than or equal to 15 mm in sporadic forms with no detectable clinical causes. The data were entered and analysed using Word, Excel and Epi Info 7 software.

Results: During our study period, 895 patients were hospitalised, of whom 25 were recorded as having HCM, representing a frequency of 2.8%.

We noted a predominance of males. The average age of our patients was 55, ranging from 35 to 80 years old. The 51-65 age group was the most represented, accounting for 44% of patients. Dyspnoea was the most common symptom, occurring in 32% of patients, followed by angina-like chest pain in 26%. Atrial fibrillation was found in 27% of cases. Short PR was found in 0.6% of cases in a 35-year-old man, suggesting Fabry disease. Beta-blockers were the most commonly prescribed treatment (76%), followed by calcium channel blockers (24%).

Conclusion: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a relatively rare cardiac pathology in Guinean cardiology, and our patients were relatively young with signs of heart failure. The limitations of our study were the absence of echocardiography with right ventricular longitudinal strain, cardiac MRI, and molecular biology for genetic testing

View / Download PDF