Clinical Reviews & Cases
Open AccessA Study of the Oculovisual Disorder in Okigwe Correctional Center Immate
Authors: Ejike, Thaddaeus Chukwudi, Ubani, Udo Ahanna, Ekpe, Joseph Ekpa, Uchendu, Charles Ikechukwu.
Abstract
Visual health is a crucial yet often neglected component of inmate well-being in correctional facilities, particularly in developing countries where prison healthcare services are under-resourced. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and pattern of oculovisual disorders among inmates of the Okigwe Correctional Center in Imo State, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 240 inmates selected using a consecutive sampling method. Data were collected through structured interviews and comprehensive ocular examinations, including visual acuity testing, intraocular pressure measurement, ophthalmoscopy, and refraction assessment. Variables such as age, sex, and duration of incarceration were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Chi-square tests were employed to determine associations, with p-values < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Out of the 240 inmates examined, the most prevalent oculovisual disorders were presbyopia (27.9%), ametropia (17.9%), and conjunctivitis (10.4%). Cataracts were present in 9.6% of inmates, with a higher prevalence among those aged 60 years and above. Amblyopia and traumatic eye injuries were less common, at 4.6% and 4.2% respectively. A statistically significant association was found between oculovisual disorders and age, sex, and duration of incarceration (p < 0.05). Male inmates exhibited a higher burden of ocular conditions compared to females, and those incarcerated for over 5 years showed increased rates of presbyopia and cataract. The findings highlight a significant burden of preventable and correctable visual impairments among inmates, especially among older individuals and those with prolonged incarceration. Routine eye care services and regular vision screening should be integrated into prison healthcare systems to improve the quality of life and reduce the risk of long-term visual disability among the incarcerated population.
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