Introduction: Neonatal resuscitation is a critical medical emergency procedure for saving newborns experiencing respiratory or circulatory distress at birth. In Niger, neonatal mortality remains a cause for concern, despite the government’s efforts.
Objective: To evaluate neonatal resuscitation practices at the Issaka Gazoby Maternity Hospital (MIG), a national referral center.
Methodology: This was a prospective, descriptive, and analytical study conducted over a six (6)-month period from March 30, 2025, to August 30, 2025, in the neonatal unit at MIG in Niamey.
Results: There was a total of 288 admissions to neonatal intensive care out of 3,776 births, representing a rate of 7.63% of cases. The mean age of the mothers was 27.97 ± 7.77, with the largest age group is 25–34 years, accounting for 40.63%. In 72.92% of cases, the mothers had no formal education, and in 74.65% of cases, they were homemakers. Regarding prenatal care, 18.75% of women had attended between 0 and 2 prenatal visits, and the number of ultrasounds ranged from 1 to 2 in 56.60% of cases. Newborns had an Apgar score below 7 at one minute of life in 96.18% of cases. Among the resuscitation measures performed, 37.15% of newborns received mask ventilation, 11.81% received chest compressions, of these, 35.29% were given epinephrine. Following treatment, 52 % were admitted to a neonatal unit, 11.11 % died early, and 88.89% were discharged alive and in stable condition. Regarding infrastructure, only 48% of delivery rooms were fully equipped for resuscitation.
Conclusion: The provision of neonatal resuscitation remains limited by a lack of equipment, the incomplete implementation of protocols and a low rate of antenatal care. Efforts must be made to ensure effective care and thereby reduce mortality.