Background: Abortion, particularly when unsafe is replete with severe complications that makes it a major direct medical cause of maternal mortality. The abortion law is restrictive in many countries, abortion is allowed mainly to save the life of the mother. Abortion has moral, ethical and sexual and reproductive rights implications which may constitute a challenge to its effective care.

Objective: to review abortion with respect to the types; magnitude of the problem, pre disposing factors and complications of unsafe abortion; discuss laws relating to abortion, the moral and ethical, sexual and reproductive rights conflicts and highlight Values Clarification and Attitudinal Transformation (V-CAT) as a key answer to abortion management challenge.

Methodology: review of articles from the internet, journal publications; relevant chapters of textbooks; serials and monographs from relevant local sources and supra-national agencies.Abortion, Morality and ethical, Sexual and reproductive right conflict, Values clarification.

Result: Abortion can be spontaneous or induced Globally, 35million induced abortions, 25million unsafe abortions and 39000 maternal deaths occur annually. A range of factors predisposed to unsafe abortion with several immediate and long term complications. Abortion laws in most countries are restrictive. Abortion morality often integrated to the people’s cultural value is mostly domicile amongst religions. Abortion has profound ethical, sexual and reproductive rights implications. The challenge to abortion management can be solved using effective Values Clarification and Attitudinal Transformation (V-CAT) exercise.

Conclusion: abortion is a global public health problem with moral connotation that may be at conflict with its ethical, sexual and reproductive rights implications. Challenge to effective abortion care can be resolved employing V-CAT.