Objective: The aim of this study was to report observations on primary nasal tuberculosis, a rare condition that remains infrequently described in the literature despite the rising incidence of tuberculosis.

Methods: Between 1990 and 2023, five cases of primary nasal tuberculosis were identified. The clinical course was characterized by nasal obstruction, chronic nasal discharge, and epistaxis. The same protocol was applied to each patient: medical history, endonasal endoscopy, imaging, and a general evaluation (chest and urinary tract).

Results: Primary nasal tuberculosis affected adults with ages ranging from 42 to 75 years, with a mean age of 61 years, predominantly females.

Examination revealed septal perforation (3 cases), as well as congestion, mucosal thickening, and nasal discharge. The CT scan was nonspecific, showing mucosal thickening and septal perforation.

All patients were treated with antituberculous medications. Two patients benefited from a surgical approach (diagnosis confirmed after specimen examination).

Conclusion: Primary nasal tuberculosis is a rare and often misdiagnosed condition. It should be considered in cases of recurrent or chronic nasal dysfunction, particularly when an underlying specific cause such as tuberculosis is suspected.