Background: Biosafety and biosecurity (BB) are critical in preventing laboratory-acquired infections and ensuring safe handling of infectious materials. However, competency levels among laboratory personnel in low-resource settings remain underexplored.

Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted among 102 laboratory workers in Narok County, Kenya. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and practical assessment tools. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data, with significance set at p < 0.05.

Results: The majority of respondents demonstrated moderate knowledge and skills in biosafety practices. Formal training and years of experience were significantly associated with higher competency levels (p < 0.05). However, gaps were identified in advanced biosafety procedures and risk assessment practices.

Conclusion: Laboratory workers exhibited moderate competency in biosafety and biosecurity practices, with notable gaps requiring targeted training and continuous professional development.