Background and Aims: On the oral cavity's mucosa, irritation fibroma is one kind of fibroma. Common benign tumors called irritation fibromas are asymptomatic and mimic scarring. Prolonged oral irritation, including biting of the cheek or lip, tooth rubbing, and dental prostheses, is the cause of them. The study's objective was to find out how often irritation fibroma and its contributing factors were in a sample of Yemeni dentistry patients in Sana'a City.

Method: A study examined 1,485 Yemeni patients at dental clinics, collecting demographic data, risk factors, dental history, and habits. Patients underwent clinical examinations and intraoral examinations, with oral lesions detected through intraoral examinations. If any tumors were found, patients were referred for histological examination. The data was analyzed and tabulated.

Results: The study included 589 females and 898 males, with a mean age of 35.97±13.9. Most patients were aged ≤15, with married patients comprising 36% and single patients comprising 60%. Occupations were primarily employee, students, workers, and housewives. Irritation fibroma is most common in the age group 36-45 years, with 19.4% of cases. It is more prevalent in individuals aged 26-35 years, 4.2% in those over 56 years, 2.9% in 46-55 years, and 2.8% in young adults. Irritation fibroma is more prevalent in males, with a frequency of 5.02%, indicating a significant association with male sex. Age group 36-45 years also shows a higher prevalence of 6.4%, with an associated odds ratio of 1.9 times. Qat chewing and smoking were found to be risk factors for Irritation fibroma, with an OR of 2.6 times and 2.5 times respectively. Tooth grinding, cheek biting, and poor mouth hygiene are risk factors for the development of Irritation fibroma. Tooth grinding is 10 times more likely to cause the condition, while cheek biting is 14.2 times more likely. Poor mouth hygiene is 1.6 times more likely. The study found that depopulated tongue, gingivitis history, and periodontitis were significant risk factors for the development of Irritation fibroma lesions, with a significant OR of 4.7 times and 15.4 times respectively.

Conclusion: In the current study, irritant fibroma lesions were very common among patients attending dental clinics in Sana’a city. Compared with males, the prevalence of lesions in male patients was higher than females, and older age groups were more likely to develop oral irritation fibromas lesions but even children there was detectable prevalence of irritation fibromas.