Based on the literature review of the use of miRNAs as a biomarker in oncological practice in NSCLC, in the forthcoming project we set a main goal -optimizing the early diagnosis and prognosis of this extremely socially significant, aggressive and resistant to chemotherapy and radiation neoplasm. To achieve this goal, two study groups of 40 individuals will be randomized - volunteers and patients with histologically proven NSCLC. In the group of patients with proven NSCLC, an attempt will be made to determine the degree of tumor malignancy in order to individualize drug treatment. The expected contributions from this research project are: 1) For the first time in Bulgaria a non-invasive genetic analysis is applied for the significance of miRNAs as a biomarker in the oncological practice of NSCLC.; 2) Optimization of early diagnosis of NSCLC.; 3) Reduction of NSCLC mortality through genetic risk determination and individualized drug treatment.