Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are a common complication of surgical procedures. They are associated with an increase in the length of hospitalization, an increase in care costs, an increased use of surgical returns, as well as an increase in mortality. Their monitoring is thus a key element of prevention strategies.

Methods: This was a prospective study conducted over a period of seven (07) months, from January 1 to July 31, 2024. All patients operated on at the Thiès regional hospital center, in the general surgery, gynecology, neurosurgery and traumatology departments, who had post-operative suppuration, were included in the study.

Results: During the study period, 27 out of 1458 patients had postoperative suppuration, a frequency of 1.85%. The population studied included 18 women (67%) and 9 men (33%), corresponding to a sex ratio of 0.5. The average age of patients was 36.14 years. The average delay in infection was about 10 days, with the exception of the trauma department where a delay of 88 days was observed. In total, 27 bacterial strains were isolated, including 17 enterobacteria, 9 non-fermentary Gram-negative bacilli, and 1 Gram-positive cocci.

Enterobacter spp. was the most frequently isolated species with seven cases (25.92%), followed by Acinetobacter baumannii with six cases. The broad-spectrum beta-lactamase phenotype was found in 11 cases. In addition, some imipenemasis profiles as well as a MRSA have also highlighted.

Conclusion: Bacterial resistance is a phenomenon on the rise. It complicates therapeutic management and can compromise the life prognosis of patients, hence the need for rigorous monitoring of surgical site infections (SSI) and the implementation of effective strategies to control these infections.