Nanotechnology & Applications
Open AccessAnti-tumor Effects of Chitosan-grafted Cationic Polymer Nanoparticles against Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Maysoon H. Zaboon, Hadi S. Al-Lami, Afrodet A. Saleh.
Abstract
Nanoparticles made from natural and synthetic polymers (biodegradable and nonbiodegradable) witness ongoing an interesting area of research and a techno-economic sector with full expansion in many application domains. Therefore, Chitosan was the target in this work. It is obtained with a 98.3% yield, with a high degree of deacetylation (92.1%) from the local shrimp cortex.
Chitosan-poly (PEG, PVA, and PVP) derivatives were synthesized by grafting copolymerization of chitosan with PVA, PVP, and PEG polymers, with yield, reached 77%, 78.3, and 87.5% respectively. FT-IR spectra of the chitosan and its derivatives verified the expected copolymers structures desired to be synthesized. All of the chitosan and its grafted polymers were converted to nanoparticles size by subjecting them to sonication method. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to determine the shape and size of the prepared polymeric nanoparticles, and they developed using the ImageJ program. The micrographs revealed that the nanoparticles with spherical shapes and with different sizes were gained, but in general, they are less than 100nm in diameters.
The cytotoxicity of the studied chitosan-g-polymers were examined against differentiated three types of breast cancer cell lines, and the results revealed the highly significant (p<0.001), the effect of these polymers in comparing with the non-treated cell lines, especially with chitosan- rafted-poly (ethylene glycol) nanoparticles (CS-g-PEG), the cell viability reduced to 23.33% ± 1.528, 25.67% ± 1.155 and 45.67% ± 5.508 against BT cells, MCF-7 cells, and SKBR3 cells, respectively
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