The pervasiveness of microplastics in the environment has triggered growing concern regarding their potential health effects. This article consolidates current knowledge on microplastic exposure, mechanisms of bioaccumulation, and emerging toxicological evidence. Key pathways—ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact—facilitate the entry of microplastics into the human body, leading to their detection in feces, blood, lungs, placenta, and breast milk [1-4]. Despite limited standardized data, evidence suggests links to inflammation, oxidative stress, endocrine disruption, and organ-specific toxicity [3-5]. There is an urgent need for interdisciplinary research to assess long-term impacts, especially among vulnerable populations like children.