Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of congenital obstruction of the excretory lacrimal ducts (OCVLE) in children aged 0 to 48 months and to describe its main clinical and therapeutic characteristics, in order to contribute to the adaptation of management in our context.

Methodology: This was a prospective cohort study with data collection conducted between March 2025 and March 2026. We consulted 74 patients aged 0 to 48 months. All underwent a complete ophthalmological examination. The study variables were: sex, reason for consultation, current weight, main complaint, intraocular pressure, treatment, and outcome.

Results: This study was based on 74 patients, including 39 (52.7%) girls and 35 (47.3%) boys, for a sex ratio of 0.9. Patient age ranged from 0.5 to 48 months. Patients aged 0 to 6 months represented 58%. Tearing and purulent discharge were the most common symptoms. Lacrimal duct obstruction associated with lacrimal conjunctivitis was observed in 81.1% of cases . Conservative treatment consisted of lacrimal sac massage combined with antibiotic eye drops. Lacrimal duct probing was performed in 40.2% of patients, including 90.3 % cases of lacrimal duct permeability.

Conclusion: Occlusive bleeding is a common condition in Lubumbashi, characterized by excessive tearing and chronic purulent discharge. Early and appropriate medical management generally yields good results.