Introduction: The aim of this study is to contribute to improving the management of uveitis in our community.

Methodology: Cross-sectional descriptive study with prospective data collection carried out at the ophthalmology centre of the Lubumbashi university clinics. This was a non-probabilistic convenience sample that included 51 eyes of 37 patients diagnosed with uveitis and who had undergone a standard aetiological work-up, out of a total of 6,402 patients consulted between November 2022 and December 2024. The study variables were: age, sex, functional signs, corrected distance visual acuity, anterior chamber tyndall, retrocorneal iridial fibrin or pigment deposition, Koeppe nodules, Busacca nodules, intraocular pressure, cataract, vitreous tyndall, macular oedema, papilledema, chorioretinal lesions and aetiology.

Results: The incidence of uveitis was 1.03%. Men accounted for 68%, giving a sex ratio of 2,1. The mean age was 49.1±18.7 years (range: 13-77 years). Uveitis was unilateral in 62% of patients. The average consultation time was 11 days (range: 1-45 days). The main reason for consultation was ocular pain, followed by ocular redness, photophobia and reduced visual acuity. 82% of affected eyes had a visual acuity ≥ 0.5. Uveitis was anterior in 92% of cases, with 17% of granulomatous anterior uveitis. 59.5% of uveitis was of undetermined origin.

Conclusion: This study shows that uveitis remains a rare reason for patient consultation in our setting, with anterior uveitis being the most common form. The vast majority of uveitis cases are of undetermined cause. However, they require a good aetiological diagnosis in order to guide management.