Research Article

The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Periodontal Disease and Dental Caries among Pregnant Women at Bolikhamxay Province, Lao PDR

Authors: Amphayvan HOMSAVATH, Viraseng RAJPHO, Soulideth INTHAKONE, Viengsavan INTHAKHOUN, Khampheng PHENGTHICHACK, Souliyo SOUVONG, Patay VONGSATHIEN.

DOI: 10.33425/2639-9490.1173

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Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of periodontal disease among pregnant women and its association with socio-demographic factors, knowledge and oral hygiene.

Methods: This cross-sectional was conducted among pregnant women at the health center in Pakkading and Paksun district at Bolikhamxay province. A total of 221 pregnant women was recruit for a full-mouth dental examination after providing informed consent. Pregnant women divided in group with and without Pocket depth (PD), Decay, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT), PUFA, Bleeding gum on probing and pocket depth according to standard from (WHO, 2013) were evaluated at one clinical oral examination below 36 weeks of gestation. Independence variables were age, ethnic, religion, education, occupation, income, parity, gestation age, smoking, alcohol, betel habit, oral health experiences, visited dentist. Statistically analyses provided prevalence ratio and their respective 95% CI and also multivariate analysis.

Results: Pregnant women reported that their teeth and gum was fair 43%, 77% they didn’t want to go to dentist because they believe that no matter what they did with the tooth it still has problem with teeth and gum. Prevalence of untreated dental caries was 56%, Bleeding was 53% and pocket depth more than 3mm was 49%. Pregnant with morning sickness reported risk periodontal disease 1.64 times than non-morning sickness, with statistically significant (PR 1.67; 1.21-2.31). Pregnant women who live in Pakkading district had periodontal disease 1.49 times then who live in Paksun District and shown the statistically significant (p=0.003). the prevalence of periodontal disease was increase with gestational and its shown that bleeding on probing was strongly associated to periodontal disease p<0.0001.

Conclusion: The prevalence of Periodontal Disease is high associated with gingival bleeding on probing, more advance gestational age and morning sickness. Oral health care program should be included in prenatal care early pregnancy. Especially for low education, income and dental visit, low knowledge population.

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