The present investigation was designed to evaluate anti-arthritic potential of hydroalcoholic extract of leaves, root and stem of Capparis decidua. The anti-arthritic activity was evaluated using Freund’s complete adjuvants (FCA) induced arthritic models in Wistar rats. The arthritic study was carried out on basis of parameters including arthritic score, antinociceptive study, motor incoordination test, paw joint diameter, and biochemical parameters like serum AST (Aspartate aminotransferase), ALT (Alanine aminotransferase), ALP (Alkaline phosphatase) and total protein levels. Phytochemical analysis of C.decidua extract was done to assess the various phytoconstituents present in C.decidua. The results of C.decidua extract administration significantly (P<0.001) significantly decreased the arthritis which was evident with arthritis score, joint diameter, pain threshold. Also improvement in fall of time, and biochemical parameters suggested the antiarthritic role of C.decidua extract. The results indicate that hydroalcoholic C.decidua extract (100 mg/kg and 200mg/kg) showed a potent protective role against FCA induced arthritic rats which could be attributed to phytoconstituents present in C.decidua and its effect is comparable to the standard drug diclofenac sodium.