Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease, which primarily affects the central nervous system. The purpose of this study was to collectively evaluate the efficiency and safety of a variety of stem cell therapies in clinical studies concerning multiple sclerosis. The findings of this research investigating the treatment options indicate that stem cell therapy of a variety of types hold promise as a treatment option of MS. The most frequently researched stem cells, MSCs and HSCs, primarily provide reduction in inflammation and uncontrollable immune response, with improvements in remyelination and motor function testing. Additionally, stem cell therapy has led to decreasing relapse rates and an overall improved quality of life in patients. Stem cell therapy provides a viable opportunity for MS patients and future treatments to control the disease. However, further research is needed to optimize treatment, confirm patient criteria, and determine the long-term safety and efficacy of these treatments through additional research and clinical testing.