Introduction: The use of ionizing radiation in diagnosis and procedural treatment is increasing. Hence, sufficient knowledge and awareness about the hazards of these radiations are necessary for doctors and radiographers in the field using ionizing radiations. Therefore, this study is conducted to evaluate the awareness level of radiological staff.

Methods: A quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional study of 100 doctors and radiographers in hospitals from Kandahar, Afghanistan. Questionnaire was completed by doctors and radiographers to obtain data with respect to study. It included demographic information and awareness about ionizing radiation hazards. In addition, multiple choice questions were evaluated in the following domains: Nature of radiation, reduction factors of X-ray, safe distance between X-ray machine and user and sensitive organs.

Results: the mean age of the participant was out of 33.3 years (20-50 years). most of the participants were male (81%) and worked as medical doctors and radiographers. Their work experience ranged from (1-10 years). Most of the participants (60%) had medium knowledge and awareness, (38%) low knowledge and awareness (2%) high knowledge and awareness about nature and hazards of ionizing radiation.

Conclusion: This study found reasonable level of awareness but insufficient knowledge and mistaken belief about radiation hazards and protection among doctors and radiographers. Therefore, workshops, courses and posters on radiation hazards and protection are recommended.