Authors: Ishraga M. A. Elbashier, Kamil M. Ali.
Background: The presence of anxiety and depression before cardiac surgery leads to poor surgical outcomes. This study conducted to assess the effectiveness of psycho-educational programme on anxiety and depression among patients undergoing cardiac surgery in cardiac centers Khartoum state.
Methods: Nonrandomized control trial, conducted in the three cardiac hospitals in Khartoum state, Fifty seven eligible and consented patients were included, 30 patients are allocated to intervention group in one hospital, and 27 in other two hospital as control group. Psychological support and teaching through a 15-20 minutes counseling and education sessions was given to the intervention group before surgery using information in a booklet focused on managing patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Anxiety and depression pre and post intervention was measured using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to assess level of anxiety and depression pre and post intervention for both interventional and control groups. The follow-up assessment takes place at seventh day after operation. For the comparison of mean scores between the groups, the data were analyzed using chi-square, independent T-test and paired T-test.
Results: The mean scores obtained in both anxiety and depression dimensions were significantly different between the intervention and control groups.
Conclusion: psycho-educational program provided for patients undergoing cardiac surgery decreases the level of their anxiety and depression after cardiac surgery.
Relevance to Clinical Practice: The most significant finding was the importance of psycho-education sessions given to meet the needs of the cardiac surgical patients and their families, which suggest that through counseling and education sessions before surgery with contents made up of information in a booklet focused on managing patients undergoing cardiac surgery can be effective in self-care after heart surgery and nurses can use this booklet containing preparatory information to improve health outcomes and reduce anxiety and depression in patients having cardiac surgery.
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