Authors: Austin Malchiodi, Vincent S. Gallicchio.
Osteosarcoma is a rare type of cancer characterized by immature bone growth and proliferation that only produces primary bone. Because of the stagnant advancement in treatment methods and high rates of body rejection, other treatment options are being pursued. One such option is the implantation of mesenchymal stem cells in regenerating bone tissue. This review covers a description of the structure of the bone, how bone is remodeled, and the current
mesenchymal stem cell sources being studied. It also evaluates the progress of clinical and animal trials and what future advances can be made.