Authors: Djalogue Lihanimpo, Mossi Komi E dem, Tchamdja Toyi, Djagadou Kodjo Agbeko, Balaka Abago, Djibril Mohaman Awalou.
Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and etiological profile of cases of anemia treated in the internal medicine department of Kara University Hospital.
Method: This was a retrospective study carried out over 3 years, from April 2020 to May 2023, which focused on patients admitted to the internal medicine department of Kara University Hospital for clinical and/or biological anemia.
Results: A total of 74 cases of anemia were identified during the study period out of a total of 2840 files examined, representing a frequency of 2.61%. The average age of patients with anemia was 45.12 years ± 16.91 with extremes ranging from 18 to 80 years and the M/F sex ratio was 0.76. Clinical signs were variable, dominated by asthenia, tachycardia, pallor and dizziness. The average hemoglobin level was 6.15 g/dl, with extremes of 2 and 11.50 g/dl. The anemia was normocytic in 51.4% of cases and severe in 52.70% of cases. The etiologies were varied, dominated by snakebite envenomations (32.43% of cases) and severe anemic malaria (24.32% of cases).
Conclusion: Anemia is a frequent reason for consultation/hospitalization in internal medicine at Kara University Hospital. It represents a real diagnostic challenge for the internist, sometimes in an emergency context. It is essential to research the etiology for better management.
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